3 - THE ANGLO - SAXONS

The last Roman soldiers left Britain in AD 410, and then new people came in ships across the North Sea. Historians call them Anglo-Saxons.
 The new settlers were a mixture of people from north Germany, Denmark and northern Holland. Most were Saxons, Angles and Jutes. 
 If we use the modern names for the countries they came from, the Saxons, were German-Dutch, the Angles were southern Danish, and Jutes were northern Danish. 
 

Why did Anglo-Saxons invade Britain?

Historians are not sure why the Anglo-Saxons came to Britain.

 Some sources say that the Saxon warriors were invited to come, to the area now know as England, to help keep out invaders from Scotland and Ireland. 

Another reason for coming may have been because their land often flooded and it was difficult to grow crops, so they were looking for new places to settle down and farm.

To know more about the Angle- Saxons' way of life :http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/anglo_saxons/anglo-saxon_life/


To revise for your test : do the following quiz (don't forget to do the quiz of each section !!)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/anglo_saxons/who_were_the_anglo-saxons/teachers_resources.shtml

HISTORY :2 -THE ROMANS (43 AD to 410 AD)

 
To revise your lessons: :http://www.brims.co.uk/romans/

Test your knowledge on the Romans:do the following quiz :
http://www.brims.co.uk/romans/quiz.html

 Special thanks to Guilhem and Théo for their long oral presentation ! 

 

The Romans came to Britain 2000 years ago. The Roman Empire made its mark on Britain, and even today, the ruins of Roman buildings, forts, roads, and baths can be found all over Britain.

Britain (not Scotland) was part of the Roman Empire for almost 400 years! The Roamns divided England into four areas centred by the following towns London, Cirencester, York and Lincoln.

By the time the Roman armies left around 410 AD, they had established medical practice, a language of administration and law and had created great public buildings and roads.

Many English words are derived from the latin language of the Romans. 

                                                            SOME VESTIGE OF THE ROMAN PERIOD 

 

France : the Pont du Gard in Nîmes

North of England : Hadrian's Wall

Location of Hadrian's Wall

                                                                            

England (Colchester in Essex) : Camulodunum is claimed to be the oldest town in Britain as recorded by the Romans

        

    Roman Houses and Villas

There was a significant difference between the south-eastern half of Britannia (the Roman name for Britain) and the north-western region. In the south-east Roman style country homes known as villas were established. In the north and west of Britain, few villas have been found.

Not all Romans lived in villas. The majority of people living in the country lived in houses in the style of the celtic houses. These houses were usually round and made of timber and thatched.

Did you know?

Only one percent of people in Roman Britain lived in villas.

How do we know what Roman houses were like?

A lot of building material has survived from the Roman period, but mainly for buildings constructed of stone and tile. There is little evidence of wattle and daub buildings, which are thought to have been used throughout the Roman period.

Roman houses, especially ones belonging to rich people, were so well built that the remains of villas and even towns have been found.

We can tell from these finds that:

• the Romans were good builders
• most people of Roman Britain lived in the countryside
• rich Romans living in the country, lived in villas and everyone else lived in huts.
• Some people lived in the towns

REMEMBRANCE DAY

November is the time of the year when we wear a red poppy in memory of those who sacrificed their lives for us during wars.

The eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month marks the signing of the Armistice, on 11th November 1918, to signal the end of World War One.

At 11 am on 11 November 1918 the guns of the Western Front fell silent after more than four years continuous warfare.

What is Remembrance Day?

Remembrance Day is on 11 November. It is a special day set aside to remember all those men and women who were killed during the two World Wars and other conflicts. At one time the day was known as Armistice Day and was renamed Remembrance Day after the Second World War.

Remembrance Sunday is held on the second Sunday in November, which is usually the Sunday nearest to 11 November. Special services are held at war memorials and churches all over Britain.

This year it is on 11 November!

A national ceremony takes place at the Cenotaph in Whitehall, London. The Queen lays the first wreath at the Cenotaph.

 



The Cenotaph in White Hall

Wreaths (= couronnes) are layed beside war memorials by companies, clubs and societies. People also leave small wooden crosses by the memorials in remembrance of a family member who died in war.

Poppy Day

Remembrance Day is also known as Poppy Day, because it is traditional to wear an artificial poppy. They are sold by the Royal British Legion, a charity dedicated to helping war veterans.

Two minute silence

At 11am on each Remembrance Sunday a two minute silence is observed at war memorials and other public spaces across the UK.

Remembrance Day quiz

How much do you know about the origins of Remembrance Day? 15 Questions.

Play quiz!       http://www.triviala.com/quizzes/play/id/3122

BRITISH FESTIVITY : GUY FAWKES NIGHT

 

Jade's DIY : a Guy Fawkes 's effigy

Special thanks to Jade and Elsa for their oral presentation

 

           

             Guy Fawkes Night (Bonfire Night)

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On 5 November 1605, the infamous Gunpowder Plot took place in which some Catholics plotted to blow up the English Parliament and King James l, on the day set for the king to open Parliament. The men were angry because the king had treated them badly and they didn't like it.

The story is remembered each 5th November when 'Guys' are burned in a celebration known as "Bonfire Night".

Why did Guy Fawkes want to kill King James 1st and the king’s leaders?

When Queen Elizabeth 1st took the throne of England she made some laws against the Roman Catholics. Guy Fawkes was one of a small group of Catholics who felt that the government was treating Roman Catholics unfairly. They hoped that King James 1st would change the laws, but he didn't.

Catholics had to practise their religion in secret. There were even fines for people who didn't attend the Protestant church on Sunday or on holy days. James lst passed more laws against the Catholics when he became king.

What happened - the Gungpowder Plot

A group of men led by Robert Catesby, plotted to kill King James and blow up the Houses of Parliament, the place where the laws that governed England were made.

Guy Fawkes was one of a group of men

 The plot was simple - the next time Parliament was opened by King James l, they would blow up everyone there with gunpowder. The men bought a house next door to the parliament building. The house had a cellar which went under the parliament building. They planned to put gunpowder under the house and blow up parliament and the king.

Guy Fawkes Discovered

GuGuy Fawkes was given the job to keep watch over the barrels of gunpowder and to light the fuse. On the morning of 5^th November, soldiers discovered Guy hidden in the cellar and arrested him. The trail of gunpowder at his feet would never be lity hidden in the cellar and arrested him. The trail of gunpowder at his feet would never be lit.

Guy Fawkes was taken to the Tower of London

He was tortured and questioned about the other plotters. To start with he didn't tell the soldiers anything about the plot. But, eventually he started to tell the truth

A Celebration

In celebration of his survival, King James ordered that the people of England should have a great bonfire on the night on 5^th November.

Today Bonfire Night is celebrated all over the UK

        IN ENGLAND:

Throughout England, towns and villages....

• light huge bonfires,
• let off magnificent fireworks,
• burn an effigy (a homemade model of a man, like a scarecrow) and
• celebrate the fact the Parliament and James I were not blown sky high by Guy Fawkes 

Penny for the Guy

During the days before Bonfire Night, children used to take their home-made guys out on the street and ask for "a penny for the Guy" for fireworks. 

Traditional Bonfire Night Food

As well as burning effigy of Guy Fawkes, the bonfires are used to cook potatoes wrapped in foil (= papier alu) and to heat up soup for the crowds that come to watch the fireworks

The traditional cake eaten on bonfire night is Parkin Cake, a sticky cake containing a mix of oatmeal, ginger, treacle and syrup.

Other foods include sausages cooked over the flames and marshmallows toasted in the fire.

GAME


Test your knowledge of the Gunpowder Plot with this interactive quiz.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/launch_gms_gunpowder_plot.shtml