The 2013 Carnival was a great success !
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| 4ème 2 |
FESTIVITY :PANCAKE DAY
12 th February 2013 :HAPPY PANCAKE DAY !!!
In the UK, Shrove Tuesday is also known as Pancake Day (or Pancake Tuesday to some people) because it is the one day of the year when almost everyone eats a pancake.
In 2012 Pancake Day was on Tuesday 21 February Special thanks to Pierre- Thèo for his oral presentation on Shrove Tuesday and his delicious cakes !! !
What is Pancake Day? Pancake Day is the last day before the period which Christians call Lent. It is traditional on this day to eat pancakes.
Why are Pancakes eaten on Shrove Tuesday?Lent is a time of abstinence, of giving things up. So Shrove Tuesday is the last chance to indulge yourself, and to use up the foods that aren't allowed in Lent. Pancakes are eaten on this day because they contain fat, butter and eggs which were forbidden during Lent.
When is Shrove Tuesday (Pancake Day)?
Shrove Tuesday is celebrated the day before Ash Wednesday and is therefore the final day before the commencement of a Christian festival leading up to Easter Sunday (Easter Day).
Shrove Tuesday always falls 47 days before Easter Sunday, so the date varies from year to year and falls between 3 February and 9 March
The race, which is contested outside the Houses of Parliament, is held every
Shrove Tuesday and sees Lords and MPs from all major parties flipping
pancakes around Victoria Gardens, Westminster.
The contest is held to raise awareness for the charity Rehab, which supports
people with disabilities, others with brain and spinal injuries and mental
health difficulties.
Watch the video:http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/8369203/Parliamentary-pancake-race.html
Here is a recipe for pancakes:
ttp://uktv.co.uk/food/recipe/aid/512339
Video !
Here is a recipe for pancakes:
ttp://uktv.co.uk/food/recipe/aid/512339
Video !
FESTIVITY: SAINT VALENTINE'S DAY
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| HAPPY ST VALENTINE'S DAY !!! |
Watch and listen to these two love songs!! 1 - http://www.merpy.com/love/love.htmlQUIZ
http://www.funtrivia.com/trivia-quiz/World/St-Valentines-Day-Trivia-165669.html
Cupid woke her up 
and the couple wed in a ceremony attended by the Gods.
Cupid was the son of Venus 
the goddess of love and beauty.
SAINT VALENTINE'S DAY
Who was Saint Valentine ?
According to a legend St. Valentine was a priest near Rome in about the year 270 AD 
i
When Claudius II became the emperor he believed that soldiers
would be unable to concentrate on fighting if they were married.
So he banned marriage.
Valentine defied the emperor and secretly performed marriage ceremonies.
He was sent to prison until he could be executed.
While he was in the dungeon, Father Valentine learned that the jail-keepers daughter was blind and sent for her. He touched her brow and she was immediately granted her sight. It was a miracle!
When the cruel King Claudius,learned of this miracle, he
thought it was witchcraft and immediately ordered that Father
Valentine's head be chopped off!
On the morning of the execution, February 14, of the
year 270, the priest sent a letter to the jail-keepers daughter, whom he
had fallen in love with. He signed the letter "From your Valentine".
That is why people sign their Valentine's Day cards the way they do today.
As Father Valentine was being buried after the
exectution, a huge swarm of red and white butterflies appeared and
circled over the people at his funeral. They fluttered here and there,
and eventually landed upon Father Valentine's coffin. The people looked
at the pattern that the butterflies had made when they landed and saw
that it was shaped like a big heart. And that is why the heart is used as
a symbol of love today.
CUPID 
Psyche was a mortal princess, she was so beautiful that Venus was jealous and ordered Cupid to punish the mortal. But instead, Cupid fell deeply in love with her. After a lot of events Psyche died.
Here is an animated video version on history of Valentinehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGx7q4O6w2w
Valentine's symbols
Cupid, that boy armed with bow and arrows , has become the most popular of love symbols.
Cards
Other symbols 
you can send a love letter 
offer a gift 
.gif)
THE TUDOR PERIOD
Special thanks to Laura MOUTTE who did an excellent oral presentation on the Tudors and did great DIY jobs !!!!
The Tudor Monarchs:
Henry Vll (r. 1485-1509)
Henry Tudor became King Henry VII of England and Wales after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in August 1485. This battle saw the end of the Wars of the Roses which had brought trouble to England.
Henry Vlll (r. 1509-1547)
Henry Vlll is probably the most well known of the Tudor kings. He was a very selfish person and by the end of his life everyone was afraid of him, mainly because of his ruthless behaviour toward anyone who didn't agree with him.He had 6 wives.
King Edward Vl (r. 1547-1553)
Edward VI became king at the age of nine upon the death of his father, Henry Vlll. He was known as 'The Boy King'. His mother was Jane Seymour, Henry Vlll's third wife.
Edward was a sickly child. Edward died at the age of 16 in 1553.
Lady Jane Grey (r. nine days in 1553)
Jane’s father was Henry Grey and her mother was Lady Frances Brandon, who was the daughter of Henry VIII’s sister Mary and the great grand-daughter of Henry VII. Lady Jane Grey ruled for only 9 days before Mary I had her arrested and executed.
Queen Mary l (r. 1553-1558)
Mary I was the daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon and was a committed Catholic. When she came to the throne she promised to return England to Rome and Catholicism.Why is Mary l called Bloody Mary?
She is known as Bloody Mary because of the numbers of people who were executed for being Protestants. Mary burned nearly three hundred Protestants at the stake when they refused to give up their religion.
Queen Elizabeth I (r. 1558-1603)
Elizabeth I - the last Tudor monarch - was born at Greenwich on 7 September 1533, the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn.
When Elizabeth came to the throne, she was 25. She became queen on her half-sister's death in November 1558. Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn and was very well-educated (fluent in six languages).
The Tudor kings and queens encouraged archery . It was the law that every fit man over 24 should be able to shoot a target 220 yards away. They had to practise on Sunday after church . There were cross bows and long bows. The best bows were yew and the three strings were made of hemp . Arrows were made of birch oak ash and hornbeam . They were tipped with grey goose feathers.
People played other games like ours. Bowls was a favourite and some towns had bowling alleys. They used to play games like hockey the sticks were curved and the ball was wooden. Young men played it in the street. The favourite game was football . Any number could play and there was no referee. Villages challenged each other and nearly every match ended with cracked heads and other injuries.
The tudors also liked to go to bull and bear baiting rings. A bull or bear was chained to a stake. Then dogs were let in to tease them and fights began. Cock fighting was also popular.
All countrymen enjoyed hunting,
wealthy Tudors hunted deer on horseback while ordinary men hunted
rabbits and other smaller things on foot. They also fished and enjoyed
falconry. Noblemen liked to fence and tennis was enjoyed by the rich.
Theatre
People
liked to watch plays. During Elizabeth's reign the first real theatres
were built in England. At first actors travelled from town to town and
performed in the streets or outside inns. Then they began to build
theatres.
The Globe Theatre
was built on the River Thames. It was circular and had seats around the
walls which cost two pence or three pence if you had a cushion. These
seats were sheltered from the weather. The rest of the people were
crowded into the yard or floor. The floor or pit cost one penny. People
in the pit moved about, leaned over on the stage and even talked while
the play was going on. The stage was a platform that jutted out into the pit.
They did not have many props or much scenery and an actor had to walk
on to stage and tell people were the story was set so that they could
imagine it. Women did not act so men and boys had to play the female
parts.
William Shakespeare lived during Elizabeth's reign. He is still the world's most famous writer.He wrote lots of plays which have been translated into many languages and are still performed today all over the world. His most famous plays include Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth.
Special thanks to Emma and Mathilde for their oral presentation on William Sahkespeare
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| Eleanor Tumberland's letter to Henry Clifford |
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| Laura explains the" War of Roses between the Lancaster and York families |
 Special thanks to Alexia and Marine for their oral presentation   THE TUDORS (1485 -1603)
It was one of the most exciting times in British history.The Tudors ruled over England , Wales and part of England
http://www.brims.co.uk/tudors/quiz.htm |
Henry Vll (r. 1485-1509)
Henry Tudor became King Henry VII of England and Wales after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in August 1485. This battle saw the end of the Wars of the Roses which had brought trouble to England.
Henry Vlll (r. 1509-1547)
Henry Vlll is probably the most well known of the Tudor kings. He was a very selfish person and by the end of his life everyone was afraid of him, mainly because of his ruthless behaviour toward anyone who didn't agree with him.He had 6 wives.
King Edward Vl (r. 1547-1553)
Edward VI became king at the age of nine upon the death of his father, Henry Vlll. He was known as 'The Boy King'. His mother was Jane Seymour, Henry Vlll's third wife.
Edward was a sickly child. Edward died at the age of 16 in 1553.
Lady Jane Grey (r. nine days in 1553)
Jane’s father was Henry Grey and her mother was Lady Frances Brandon, who was the daughter of Henry VIII’s sister Mary and the great grand-daughter of Henry VII. Lady Jane Grey ruled for only 9 days before Mary I had her arrested and executed.
Queen Mary l (r. 1553-1558)
Mary I was the daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon and was a committed Catholic. When she came to the throne she promised to return England to Rome and Catholicism.Why is Mary l called Bloody Mary?
She is known as Bloody Mary because of the numbers of people who were executed for being Protestants. Mary burned nearly three hundred Protestants at the stake when they refused to give up their religion.
Queen Elizabeth I (r. 1558-1603)
Elizabeth I - the last Tudor monarch - was born at Greenwich on 7 September 1533, the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn.
When Elizabeth came to the throne, she was 25. She became queen on her half-sister's death in November 1558. Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn and was very well-educated (fluent in six languages).
The Six Wives of Henry VIII |
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Wife
Number One.Catherine of Aragon
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Wife Number Two…Anne Boleyn |
||
Catherine of Aragon was the
youngest daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain. She was
married to Henry’s brother Arthur but he died in 1501. Catherine
married Henry in 1509 but only one child, a girl, Mary, survived.
Henry believed that he did not have a male heir because he had
married his brother’s wife. He had found a passage in the Bible
to back his belief. Henry had also fallen in love with Anne
Boleyn. Catherine refused to give Henry a divorce, so he began the
Reformation in England. This meant he could divorce Catherine in
1533. She died three years later.
|
Anne Boleyn was born
in 1501. At the age of fourteen she was sent to the French Court.
When she returned to England she caught the King’s attention.
Henry married Anne in 1533 after she became pregnant. Henry was
annoyed when she gave birth to Elizabeth in September 1533. Anne
became pregnant twice more but the babies were born dead. She was
charged and found guilty of adultery in 1536 and beheaded the same
year.
|
||
Wife Number
Three..Jane Seymour
|
Wife
Number Four…Anne of Cleves
|
||
Jane Seymour was a
quiet shy girl who Henry married just 11 days after the death of
Anne Boleyn. He was 45 years old, Jane was 28. Henry was
delighted when she gave birth to a son, Edward, in October
1538. Henry was very upset when Jane died a month later. On
his deathbed, Henry requested to be buried next to Jane.
|
Anne of Cleves was the 24 year
old daughter of the Duke of Cleves. Henry agreed to marry her
having only seen her painting. When he saw her face to face he was
horrified and tried to find a way out of the marriage but could
not. He married Anne in 1540 and divorced her the same year.
|
||
Wife Number Five...Kathryn Howard |
Wife Number Six…Katherine Parr |
||
Henry married 15 year
old Kathryn in 1540, he was 49. Kathryn Horward found life with Henry
boring and had many younger friends. Katherine's actions led to
her being accused of adultery and subsequently executed in 1542.
|
Henry married twice
widowed Katherine Parr in 1543. She was a good stepmother to the
King's three children. She was also an excellent nursemaid and
looked after Henry when he was sick. After Henry's death she
married Edward's uncle, Thomas Seymour. Katherine Parr died in
childbirth in 1548.
|
||
Tudor Fun & Games The Tudor kings and queens encouraged archery . It was the law that every fit man over 24 should be able to shoot a target 220 yards away. They had to practise on Sunday after church . There were cross bows and long bows. The best bows were yew and the three strings were made of hemp . Arrows were made of birch oak ash and hornbeam . They were tipped with grey goose feathers.
People played other games like ours. Bowls was a favourite and some towns had bowling alleys. They used to play games like hockey the sticks were curved and the ball was wooden. Young men played it in the street. The favourite game was football . Any number could play and there was no referee. Villages challenged each other and nearly every match ended with cracked heads and other injuries.
The tudors also liked to go to bull and bear baiting rings. A bull or bear was chained to a stake. Then dogs were let in to tease them and fights began. Cock fighting was also popular.
All countrymen enjoyed hunting,
wealthy Tudors hunted deer on horseback while ordinary men hunted
rabbits and other smaller things on foot. They also fished and enjoyed
falconry. Noblemen liked to fence and tennis was enjoyed by the rich. People
liked to watch plays. During Elizabeth's reign the first real theatres
were built in England. At first actors travelled from town to town and
performed in the streets or outside inns. Then they began to build
theatres. The Globe Theatre
was built on the River Thames. It was circular and had seats around the
walls which cost two pence or three pence if you had a cushion. These
seats were sheltered from the weather. The rest of the people were
crowded into the yard or floor. The floor or pit cost one penny. People
in the pit moved about, leaned over on the stage and even talked while
the play was going on. The stage was a platform that jutted out into the pit.
They did not have many props or much scenery and an actor had to walk
on to stage and tell people were the story was set so that they could
imagine it. Women did not act so men and boys had to play the female
parts. William Shakespeare lived during Elizabeth's reign. He is still the world's most famous writer.He wrote lots of plays which have been translated into many languages and are still performed today all over the world. His most famous plays include Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth.
Special thanks to Emma and Mathilde for their oral presentation on William Sahkespeare
Test your knowledge on W. Shakespeare:
http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/quizzes/shakespeare /shakespeare.htm
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